what are people from niger called

[27] Northern Nigeria has been culturally influenced by Islamic influence including several major historic Islamic states in the region. [29] These villages compose members of the ethnicity-related through ancestry as well as strangers who have been assimilated into the ethnicity. The coup had been masterminded by Col. Seyni Kountch and a military group under the name of the Conseil Militaire Supreme, with Kountch going on to rule the country until his death in 1987. [124] Alcohol, such as the locally produced Bire Niger, is sold openly in most of the country. [117] Over the past decade, syncretic practices have become less common among Muslim Nigerien communities.[116]. Following the Overseas Reform Act (Loi Cadre) of 23 July 1956 and the establishment of the Fifth French Republic on 4 December 1958, Niger became an autonomous state within the French Community. Niger pursues a moderate foreign policy and maintains friendly relations with the West and the Islamic world as well as non-aligned countries. [118][119] Islam was spread into what is now Niger beginning in the 15th century, by both the expansion of the Songhai Empire in the west, and the influence of the Trans-Saharan trade traveling from the Maghreb and Egypt. As detailed in the Epic of Sundiata, Mali emerged as a breakaway region of the Sosso Empire which itself had split from the earlier Ghana Empire. As of 2006[update] there were 265 communes, including communes urbaines (Urban Communes: as subdivisions of major cities), communes rurales (Rural Communes), in sparsely populated areas and postes administratifs (Administrative Posts) for largely uninhabited desert areas or military zones. [130] There were 3 physicians and 22 nurses per 100,000 persons in 2006. Nigerien culture is marked by variation, evidence of the cultural crossroads which French colonialism formed into a unified state from the beginning of the 20th century. [39] The "poor" security situation in the region is thought to have allowed elements of Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) to gain a foothold in the country. DP: I believe that young people8, 9, 10should have discussions appropriate to their age about race. Niger shares a common currency, the CFA franc, and a common central bank, the Central Bank of West African States (BCEAO), with seven other members of the West African Monetary Union. The territory of Niger contains five terrestrial ecoregions: Sahelian Acacia savanna, West Sudanian savanna, Lake Chad flooded savanna, South Saharan steppe and woodlands, and West Saharan montane xeric woodlands.[91]. Nigger, a species of holothuria, so called by the Cornish fishermen. [105][106], This growth rate is one of the highest in the world and is a source of concern for the government and international agencies. The current Judiciary of Niger was established with the creation of the Fourth Republic in 1999. [39], Presidential campaigns were organised in the months that followed. Niger subvisions were renamed in 2002, in the implementation of a decentralisation project, first begun in 1998. Other major ethnic groups include Zarma-Songhai, Tuareg, Fula, and Arab. While successive post-independence governments have tried to forge a shared national culture, this has been slow forming, in part because the major Nigerien communities have their own cultural histories, and in part because Nigerien ethnic groups such as the Hausa, Tuareg and Kanuri are but part of larger ethnic communities which cross borders introduced under colonialism. [39] Meanwhile, trouble re-emerged in Agadez Region when a group of armed Tuaregs attacked the town of Tchintabaraden (seen by some as the start of the first Tuareg Rebellion), prompting a military crackdown which led to deaths (the precise numbers are disputed, with estimates ranging from 70 to up to 1,000). The Mali Empire was a Mandinka empire founded by Sundiata Keita (r. 12301255) in c.1230 and existed up to 1600. "Black people have successfully divested the N-word of its original offence and in our struggle to survive the devastation it occasions, gave it new meaning, made it approachable, survivable," she . [47][48] The kingdom reached its greatest extent in the 1200s, partly due to the effort of Mai Dunama Dibbalemi (r. 12101259), and grew "richer" from its control of some Trans-Saharan trade routes; most of eastern and south-eastern Niger, including Bilma and Kaouar, was under Kanem's control in this period. [44], In c.1449 in the north of what is now Niger, the Sultanate of Ar was founded by Sultan Ilisawan, based in Agadez. The European Investment Bank will also look at renewable energy as a way to save costs.[138]. On 24 July 2004, municipal elections were held to elect local representatives, previously appointed by the government. [39] Another rebellion, led by dissatisfied Toubou peoples claiming that, like the Tuareg, the Nigerien government had neglected their region, broke out in the east of the country. The high growth rate is a major source of concern for both the government and international agencies. Renversement du prsident Hamani Diori au Niger, Niger's Elected President Ousted in Military Coup, "1999: President of Niger 'killed in ambush'. [28] Prior to colonisation in the twentieth century, Nigeria's tribes usually possessed the land as a community, such that land could not be bought or sold. [107] The population is predominantly young, with 49.2% under 15 years old and 2.7% over 65 years, and predominantly rural with only 21% living in urban areas. [39] It was aided by the Arab invasion of North Africa in the 7th century, which resulted in population movements to the south. The military kept their promise to return the country to democratic civilian rule. But no one under 12 can come into the museum by themselves, and we discourage parents from . [3], The other two main religions of Niger are Christianity, practiced by 0.3% of the population, and Animism (traditional indigenous religious beliefs), practiced by 0.2% of the population. See 2009 Nigerien constitutional crisis. For other uses, see, Empires and kingdoms in pre-colonial Niger, The Hausa states and other smaller kingdoms (1400s1800s), National Conference and Third Republic (19911996), Second military regime and third military regime (19961999). [126], The child mortality rate in Niger (deaths among children between the ages of 1 and 4) is high (248 per 1,000) due to generally poor health conditions and inadequate nutrition for most of the country's children. [80] The Supreme Council for the Restoration of Democracy, headed by Djibo, carried out a one-year transition plan, drafted a constitution and held elections in 2011. On 18 December 1958, an autonomous Republic of Niger was officially created under the leadership of Hamani Diori. [85] No candidate won an absolute majority in the vote: Mohamed Bazoum came closest with 39.33%. From 29 July to 3 November, a national conference gathered together all elements of society to make recommendations for the future direction of the country. [126] Children are often forced to work rather than attend school, particularly during planting or harvest periods. [23] Though there are multiple ethnic groups in Nigeria, economic factors result in significant mobility of Nigerians of multiple ethnic and religious backgrounds to reside in territories in Nigeria that are outside their ethnic or religious background, resulting in the mixing of the various ethnic and religious groups, especially in Nigeria's cities. Nohlen, D, Krennerich, M & Thibaut, B (1999), Walter S. Clarke, "The National Conference Phenomenon and the Management of Political Conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa," in. [52] The Hausa are thought to be a mixture of autochthonous peoples and migrant peoples from the north and east, emerging as a distinct people sometime in the 900s1400s when the kingdoms were founded. The economy is dependent on subsistence agriculture with a bit of export of raw material such as uranium ore. Niger has one of the rapidly growing populations in Africa. While there is evidently a difference between Nigerian and Nigerien, the difference is clearer only when the two words are written down. A List of Nationalities Every nationality has its own unique word, or demonym. [20][39] In the following centuries, it "seems that the sultanate entered a decline" marked by internecine wars and clan conflicts. In addition to the national and regional radio services of the state broadcaster ORTN, there are four privately owned radio networks which total more than 100 stations. [39] President Tandja Mamadou sought to extend his presidency by modifying the constitution which limited presidential terms. Scarecrow Press, 2010. p. 283. harvnb error: no target: CITEREFMcFadyen2008 (, "EXCLUSIVE: As Benin Republic clocks 53: Over 6m Nigerians live in former Dahomey, 200 in jails but Amb Obisakin says 'Nigeria is a power here, there's no doubt about it', "Immigrant status and period of immigration by place of birth and citizenship: Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts", "Immigrant and Emigrant Populations by Country of Origin and Destination", "Bevlkerung nach Staatsangehrigkeit und Geburtsland", "Australian Government Department of Immigration and Border Protection", "Innvandrere og norskfdte med innvandrerforeldre - Tabeller - SSB", "History Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Nigeria", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nigerians&oldid=1159749410, This page was last edited on 12 June 2023, at 09:02. You'd NEVER Use the word NIGGER If you Truly Knew what it Meant - LinkedIn A black or blackish sea cucumber, Holothuria forskali, common off rocky shores on the west coast of Britain and Ireland. However, people from Niger are referred to as Nigerien and not Nigerian as the latter refers to someone from Nigeria. [22] The name Nigeria was taken from the Niger River running through the country. [58], The French generally adopted a form of indirect rule, allowing existing native structures to continue to exist within the colonial framework of governance providing that they acknowledged French supremacy. nigger: 1. [21] The name Nigeria was taken from the Niger River running through the country. The majority of the population is Muslim. [17] Some non-desert portions of the country underwent periodic drought and desertification. In December 2000, Niger qualified for enhanced debt relief under the International Monetary Fund program for Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) and concluded an agreement with the Fund for Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF). Famous people from Niger. By the 17th century and into the 18th the Bornu kingdom had entered a "period of decline", shrinking back to its Lake Chad heartland. [53] A smaller state not fitting into this scheme was Konni, centred on Birni-N'Konni. Roughly 92% of the population lives in rural areas in the Tillabri region along the western frontier, and there is a chronic scarcity of clean water, particularly during the hot season, when temperatures regularly exceed 40 degrees Celsius. The World Bank identified Niger as one of the 18 fragile regions of Sub-Saharan Africa. Boubou Hama and M Guilhem, "Lhistoire du Niger, de lAfrique et du Monde"; Edicef, H. J. Fisher. Famous people of Niger - countrylicious The first choice is to repair the water tank on the outskirts of town. The National Police is primarily responsible for law enforcement in urban areas. Note: Demonyms are given in plural forms. Curious if anybody from Niger made it our most famous people in the world list? wrightq00 4 yr. ago or knee-jer-an [20] Iron and copper items appear in this era, with finds including those at Azawagh, Takedda, Marendet and the Termit Massif. [22][23], The Neolithic era began circa 10,000 BC; this period saw a number of changes, such as the introduction of pottery (as evidenced at Tagalagal, Temet and Tin Ouffadene), the spread of cattle husbandry, and the burying of the dead in stone tumuli. . 14, 2023, 12:11 PM ET (AP) More survivors rescued 2 days after Nigeria boat mishap on Niger River, death toll at 106 Niger remained a one-party state throughout this period, with Diori surviving a planned coup in 1963 and an assassination attempt in 1965; most of this activity was masterminded by Djibo Bakary's MSA-Sawaba group which had launched an abortive rebellion in 1964. [50][47][51] Bornu "prospered" during the rule of Mai Idris Alooma (r. circa 15751610) and re-conquered most of the "traditional lands" of Kanem, hence the designation 'KanemBornu' for the empire. [56] The three eventually met at Koussri (in the far north of Cameroon) and defeated Rabih az-Zubayr's forces at the Battle of Koussri. The pronunciation of "Niger." - Slate Magazine In 1325 Songhai was conquered by Mali until regaining its independence in 1375. Is one more like Nye-jerry-un and the other Nye-jeer-e-un? [39] The "brutal" methods of Voulet and Chanoine caused a "scandal" and Paris was forced to intervene; when Lieutenant-Colonel Jean-Franois Klobb caught up with the mission near Tessaoua to relieve them of command he was killed. The language is categorized under the Berber language group of the Afro-Asiatic language family. The terrain is predominantly desert plains and sand dunes, with flat to rolling savanna in the south and hills in the north. In a coup d'tat in February 2010, a military junta led by Salou Djibo was established in response to Tandja's attempted extension of his political term. The country has abundant natural resources, notably large deposits of petroleum . After the military coup in 2010, Niger became a multi-party state. The High Court of Justice (HCJ) deals with cases involving senior government officials. [20] The Zarma of the Dosso Kingdom in particular proved amenable to French rule, using them as allies against the encroachments of Hausa and other nearby states; over time the Zarma thus became one of the "more educated and westernised" groups in Niger. A Demonym is an adjective that is used to refer to a person from a particular place or nation. During the Second World War, during which time mainland France was occupied by Nazi Germany, Charles de Gaulle issued the Brazzaville Declaration, declaring that the French colonial empire would be replaced post-war with a less centralised French Union. [140] Now Niamey contains scores of newspapers and magazines; some, like Le Sahel, are government operated, while many are critical of the government. [39] Meanwhile, Manassara instigated an IMF and World Bank-approved privatisation programme which enriched some of his supporters and were opposed by the trade unions. Its society reflects a diversity drawn from the independent histories of some ethnic groups and regions and their period living in a single state. These subdivisions were administered by officials appointed by the national government.
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